This proceedings volume gathers peer-reviewed, selected papers presented at the “Mathematical and Numerical Approaches for Multi-Wave Inverse Problems” conference at the Centre Internacional de Rencontres Mathématiques (CIRM) in Marseille, France, in April 2019. It brings the latest research into new, reliable theoretical approaches and numerical techniques for solving nonlinear and inverse problems arising in multi-wave and hybrid systems. Multi-wave inverse problems have a wide range of applications in acoustics, electromagnetics, optics, medical imaging, and geophysics, to name but a few. In turn, it is well known that inverse problems are both nonlinear and ill-posed: two factors that pose major challenges for the development of new numerical methods for solving these problems, which are discussed in detail. These papers will be of interest to all researchers and graduate students working in the fields of nonlinear and inverse problems and its applications.