Recent research in cognition and neuroscience has revealed exciting findings of motivational influences on brain activity and behavior within a number of domains, including episodic memory, working memory, attention, and executive control. In parallel, work conducted from a socioemotional or economic perspective has suggested that motivation-related constructs are integral to understanding behavioral goals, including the nature of individual differences, unconscious influences, and self-concepts. This volume is the first to synthesize those research perspectives and provides essential reading on the cutting-edge of this new and highly exciting research interface.