Recently, groups from different fields have been making significant advances in creating the printing tools, chemical reactions, and analytical approaches for developing and studying 3D nanostructures composed of glycans and glycomimetics. This Faraday Discussion aims to bring these communities together in a single symposium to create a new language for approaching the challenge of carbohydrate-based biointerfaces, ranging from researchers who focus entirely on printing tools, surface chemistry, binding thermodynamics and glycobiology, and others whose nascent efforts to combine these are leading to groundbreaking new materials and a revolutionary understanding of these unconventional surface interactions, where multivalency and cooperativity have an outsized role. This symposium will show how chemistry, particularly the combination of physical and organic chemistry, will continue to drive advances in the field, and provide new approaches to understanding, and in turn, creating biomimetic materials with precisely controlled nanoscale structure in three dimensions. In this volume the topics covered include:Multidimensional micro- and nano-printing technologiesPreparation of multivalent glycan micro- and nano-arraysGlycan interactions on glycocalyxNew directions in surface functionalization and characterization