Introduction.- Gauge Theories and the Standard Model.- The Standard Model of ElectroweakInteractions.- QCD: The Theory of Strong Interactions.- QCD on the lattice.- The Discovery of the Higgs boson at the LHC.- Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions and the QCD Matter Phase Diagram.- Beyond the Standard Model.- Symmetry Violations and Quark Flavour.- The Future of Particle Physics - the LHC and Beyond.