This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th Mexican Conference on Pattern Recognition, MCPR 2024, held in Xalapa, Mexico, during June 19–22, 2024, Proceedings. The 36 full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 68 submissions. The papers are organized in subject areas as follows: Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Techniques; Computer Vision; Medical Applications of Pattern Recognition; Language Processing and Recognition; Deep Learning and Neural Networks.