Melatonin, once considered confined to animal systems, has now emerged as a vital bioactive molecule in plants—called phytomelatonin. Over the past two decades, it has gained recognition for its regulatory roles in plant growth, development, and defense. This book, Phytomelatonin: Regulating Development and Stress Protection in Plants, brings together the latest research on how phytomelatonin functions as a multitasking molecule, linking plant metabolism, hormonal signaling, and environmental response mechanisms. The book offers a unique synthesis of molecular, physiological, and applied perspectives, making it the most comprehensive resource available on phytomelatonin’s role in plant science. It highlights the molecule’s potential in addressing pressing agricultural challenges such as climate-induced stress, reduced soil fertility, and the need for sustainable farming approaches. Key Features:Covers the biosynthesis, metabolism, and transport of phytomelatonin in various plant speciesDetails its regulatory role in seed germination, root architecture, flowering, fruiting, and senescenceExplains its interaction with key phytohormones under stress conditions including drought, salinity, and extreme temperaturesPresents recent advances in phytomelatonin-mediated gene expression and redox homeostasisDiscusses field applications including melatonin seed priming, foliar sprays, and soil drenching to improve stress resilienceIntegrates insights from molecular biology, crop physiology, and natural farming practicesThis book is an essential reference for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in plant biology, crop science, and environmental stress physiology. It serves as a foundational text and a forward-looking guide for those seeking to harness phytomelatonin in building climate-resilient and sustainable agriculture.