This book presents assorted articles presented during NHCE-ICEMS 2024 and peer-reviewed by experts from industry and academia. The advances in structural materials with a focus on sustainability, efficiency, enhanced performance, and life cycle analysis are significant for present day infrastructure projects. A shift in the use of traditional construction materials to new generation smart materials gaining focus due to their reduced environmental footprint and contribution towards sustainable development. The chapters presented cover a wide range of structural construction materials and their innovative applications for modern-day infrastructure projects. Structural materials have been evolving in terms of mechanical properties, physical characteristics, and enhanced resistance to deleterious environments. Moreover, the recent trend towards achieving sustainability begins with the use of sustainable structural materials. The book contains several articles pertaining to the use of smart and sustainable materials in various structural applications like concrete, masonry elements, pavements, and the like. Recent advancements in materials go hand in hand with advanced technologies like 3D printing. Sustainable approaches adopted in using material selection using artificial intelligence and their impact on environments are also discussed.