Just like representations in everyday life, this book shows that representations are ubiquitous to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, the STEM disciplines. ""Show Me What You Know"" showcases research on representations across a range of STEM disciplines and ages, from children as young as 2 years of age to professional mathematicians. The text highlights the importance of paying close attention to learners' interpretations and productions of different representations as a source of evidence for what learners understand, and another way for learners to ""show us what they know'. The text is organised around four themes: appropriation of representations, making meaning, highlighting, and representations as scaffold and supports.