This book provides a comprehensive study of healthcare system engineering (HCSE), which uses engineering analysis and design concepts to improve healthcare services. It further discusses ethical and legal considerations in the global healthcare industry, the use of virtual and augmented reality in healthcare surgery, and smart healthcare systems for elderly people using Industry 4.0. This book:Showcases the efficient use of financial, human, technical, and organizational resources for the enhancement of the performance and quality of healthcare processes. Discusses advanced techniques, input-collecting mechanisms, and features utilized for human behavior analysis applications in various domains. Reviews advances in computation, communication, and device technologies for analyzing information on human function and disability. Presents artificial intelligence and machine learning-based computation techniques in healthcare systems and biomedical engineering management. Explains the use of virtual and augmented reality in healthcare surgery and robotic process automationin themedical field. It is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer science and engineering, and biomedical engineering.