The correlation between the microscopic composition of solids and their macroscopic (electrical, optical, thermal) properties is the goal of solid state physics. This book is the deeply revised version of the French book Initiation à la physique du solide: exercices comméntes avec rappels de cours, written more than 20 years ago. It has five sections that start with a brief textbook introduction followed by exercises, problems with solutions, and comments and that are concluded with questions. It presents a quasi-systematic investigation of the influence of dimensionality changes, from 1D to 3D, via surfaces and 2D quantum wells, on the physical properties of solids. The aim of this book is to teach solid state physics through the use of problems and solutions giving orders of magnitude and answers to simple questions of this field. The numerous comments and problems in the book are inspired from some Nobel Prize–winning research in physics, such as neutron diffraction (1994), quantum Hall effect (1985), semiconducting heterostructures (1973), and tunnel microscope (1986), superconductivity (1987). The book will be helpful for undergraduate- and graduate-level students of solid state physics and chemistry and researchers in physics, chemistry, and materials science.