Jan Beermann addresses persistent research gaps in urban climate governance and North-South cooperation. He compares the form, processes and outcomes of four local climate protection projects conducted as part of German-Indian urban cooperation and explores the conditions associated with the success and/or failure in these initiatives. The study concludes that North-South city partnerships struggle to fully realise their potential to foster global climate protection efforts, specifically in terms of post-project sustainability, multi-level governance coordination, and mutuality. On the basis of these findings, practical policy recommendations on how to maximise the outcomes and broaden the scope of urban climate cooperation are provided.