This volume explores the latest advances in Human Papillomavirus (HPV) research, with a focus on epidemiology and screening strategies. It sheds light on the diverse nature of HPV, a heterogeneous group of viruses, and examines its global distribution and impact. Readers will gain insights into diagnostic methods such as DNA methylation screening, which monitors cancer progression in high-risk HPV patients, as well as tests designed to target different HPV genotypes. Moreover, the authors introduce natural immune responses to HPV infections, the role of co-factors in cervical carcinogenesis, and the tumor microbiome. The book provides a critical analysis of these topics, highlighting gaps in current knowledge and suggesting future research directions. The epidemiological burden of HPV-induced tumors beyond the uterine cervix are also addressed, emphasizing the significant impact on both women and men. This volume is a must-read for researchers, clinicians, and public health professionals interested in the latest developments in HPV research and its implications for cancer prevention and treatment. Chapter "Immune Responses to Human Papillomavirus After Infection and Vaccination" is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License via Springerlink.