Mental Computation and Estimation answers a number of important questions including: what mental calculations and estimation are, why they are important and what other mathematical concepts and cognitive behaviors are they related to? What strategies are used on mental additions, subtractions, multiplications and divisions and how are multiplication tables learned? What are the new trends in the teaching of mental calculation and estimation? This book will be an invaluable resource for all involved in the practice and research of mathematics education. It is also a useful tool for researchers, policy makers and developers of educational programs.