This book highlights cutting-edge advancements in textile finishing techniques, offering a comprehensive overview of mechanical, chemical, and sustainable methods. It highlights biodegradable and bioactive finishes, focusing on health, hygiene, and aroma applications. Biotechnological innovations, including microbial enzymes and enzymatic processes, are discussed as eco-friendly solutions for modern textile production. The book examines advancements in polymeric materials, plasma technology, and thermal regulation with phase-change materials, showcasing their role in enhancing performance and sustainability. It also delves into flexible electronics in textiles and innovations in agro-textiles, emphasizing sustainable raw materials and finishing techniques. With a focus on current challenges, future prospects, and the assessment of sustainable finishes, this publication serves as a key resource for understanding transformative technologies shaping the environmentally conscious textile industry.