This edition has several new contributors - all of them are leading international authorities in the field. All the chapters have been thoroughly re-written and updated. Several new high quality clinical, radiographic images, gross pathology specimen photographs, and photomicrographs have been included in this edition for the readers’ convenience. This edition documents the rapid advances that have occurred at a blistering pace in TB diagnosis, universal drug-susceptibility testing [DST] and treatment of dug-susceptible and drug-resistant TB, including multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant TB [M/XDR-TB], programmatic management of drug-resistant TB, public-private mix, the ENGAGE-TB approach, and END TB strategy, among others. The present edition includes recent classification of drugs and drug combinations including recent generation quinolones, bedaquiline and linezolid used in treating M/XDR-TB and a chapter detailing the latest developments in the field of laboratory diagnosis and management of NTM diseases. Thoroughly revised, updated and rewritten to present a comprehensive account of tuberculosis (TB) and nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Beginning with insights into the history and epidemiology of tuberculosis, the book deals extensively with the current understanding of the immunology, and immunopathogenetic mechanisms of this disease. The clinical presentation, laboratory diagnosis, the treatment of TB of various organ systems, prevention and control of TB are extensively covered. Chapters have also been devoted to HIV-TB co-infection, drug-resistant TB (including M/XDR-TB), ethical and legal issues in TB, Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme, Global TB Control Programme, and the role of medical schools in TB Control Programmes. Includes revised chapter on nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases. This edition will be an asset to both undergraduate and postgraduate medical students, a source of reference to the researchers. Will help practicing doctors to update their knowledge and aid in rationale, scientific and efficient management of patients with TB.