The book outlines first the importance of Extra Cellular Matrix (ECM), which is a natural surface for most of cells. In the following chapters the influence of biological, chemical, mechanical, and physical properties of surfaces in micro and nano-scale on stem cell behavior are discussed including the mechanotransduction. Biomimetic and bioinspired approaches are highlighted for developing microenvironment of several tissues, and surface engineering applications are discussed in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and different type of biomaterials in various chapters of the book. This book brings together innovative methodologies and strategies adopted in the research and development of Advanced Surfaces in Stem Cell Research. Well-known worldwide researchers deliberate subjects including: Extracellular matrix proteins for stem cell fateThe superficial mechanical and physical properties of matrix microenvironment as stem cell fate regulatorEffects of mechanotransduction on stem cell behaviorModulation of stem cells behavior through bioactive surfacesInfluence of controlled micro and nanoengineered surfaces on stem cell fateNanostructured polymeric surfaces for stem cellsLaser surface modification techniques and stem cells applicationsPlasma polymer deposition: a versatile tool for stem cell researchApplication of bioreactor concept and modeling techniques in bone regeneration and augmentation treatmentsSubstrates and surfaces for control of pluripotent stem cell fate and functionApplication of biopolymer-based, surface modified devices in transplant medicine and tissue engineeringSilk as a natural biopolymer for tissue engineering