The text addresses the importance of additive manufacturing in aerospace applications, high-temperature oxidation-resistant, fatigue-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and wear-resistant materials. Discusses advanced manufacturing techniques, like 3D printing and laser powder bed fusion for aerospace materials. Covers the characterization of the cutting edge, performance, and properties of high-entropy alloys at elevated temperatures. Focuses on the advancement of protecting coatings and claddings in the aerospace industry, including laser cladding, microwave oven claddings, plasma spray, and arc spray. Presents the materials used in the interior of aircraft, and their performance, in case of emergencies, like fire safety and sudden shocks. Illustrates phase field modeling, material design and modeling, and classical approaches used for the development of new aerospace materials. The text is primarily written for senior undergraduates, graduate students, and academic researchers in fields including mechanical engineering, aerospace engineering, industrial and production engineering, manufacturing engineering, and materials science.