This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Medical Image Computing in Resource Constrained Settings Workshop & Knowledge Interchange, MIRASOL 2025, held in Conjunction with MICCAI 2025, Daejeon, South Korea on September 27, 2025. The 31 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. They are organized around three themes that describe insights into the latest advances in machine learning, medical imaging analysis, image segmentation, disease detection, diagnosis, and prognosis, with a focus on global health applications and innovations in the region for real-world clinical impact.