The application of microbial biotechnology to horticulture is of great importance, because it has the potential to increase productivity, to enhance quality and shelf-life of the produce and to develop novel techniques in food processing and for conversion of horticultural wastes into renewal energy sources. In addition, a wide array of scientific activities and resulting associated products, including biofertilizers, biological N2-fixation, microbial pesticides and microbial bio-control agents against plant pathogens focus at the interface between applied microbiology and horticulture. This volume attempts to highlight some of the significant aspects of the subjects.