Modern technologies and information tools can be used to maximize agricultural aviation productivity, allowing for precision application of agrochemical products. This book reviews and summarizes state-of-the-art precision agricultural aviation technologies that include remote sensing, aerial spraying and ground verification technologies. Furthermore, the author discusses the future of precision agricultural aviation technology with emphasis on key development directions in real-time image processing, variable-rate spraying, multi-sensor data fusion and RTK differential positioning, and other supporting technologies for UAV-based aerial spraying. This book serves as a reference for industry professionals by summarizing the history and achievements of UAV-based technologies, and encourages further development of precision agricultural aviation technologies. It is the 8th title of the "Agriculture Automation and Control" book series published by Springer.