"This book outlines the complexity in understanding different forms of cyber-attacks, the actors involved, and their motivations. It explores the key challenges in investigating and prosecuting politically motivated cyber-attacks, the lack of consistencywithin regulatory frameworks, and the grey zone that this creates, for cybercriminals to operate within. Connecting diverse literatures on cyberwarfare, cyberterrorism and cyber-protests, and categorising the different actors involved - state-sponsored/ supported groups, hacktivists, online protestors - the book compares the means and methods used in attacks, the various attackers, and the current strategies employed by cybersecurity agencies. It examines the current legislative framework and proposes ways in which it could be reconstructed, moving beyond the traditional and fragmented definitions used to manage offline violence. The book is an important contribution to the study of cyber-attacks within the areas of criminology, criminal justice, law andpolicy. It is compelling reading for all those engaged in cybercrime, cyber-security and digital forensics"--