Introduction.- PART 1: WHY SMALLHOLDERS REMAIN KEY FOR FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY?.- The Role of Smallholder Farms in a Changing World.- Importance of Smallholder Farms as a Relevant Strategy to Increase Food Security.- Rural development strategies and Africa's small farms.- PART 2: HOW TO SUPPORT AND PROVIDE OPORTUNITIES TO SMALLHOLDERS?.- Inorganic Fertiliser use among smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa: Implications for input subsidy policies.- Global change and investments in smallholder irrigation for food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa.- Smallholder farmers' access to inputs and finance in Africa.- Policies for Improved Food Security: The Roles of Land Tenure Policies and Land Markets.- PART 3: REVISITING THE CONTRIBUTION OF AGRICULTURE TO NUTRITION SECURITY.- Transforming smallholder agriculture to achieve the SDGs.- Impact of Casual and Permanent Off-Farm Activities on Food Security: The Case of India.- The Superior Role of Agricultural Growth in Reducing Child Stunting: An Instrumental Variables Approach.- Conclusions.